Caesar and Bibulus were elected as consuls. Caesar canvassed Cicero for support, and made an alliance with the wealthy Lucceius, but the establishment threw its financial weight behind the conservative Bibulus, and even Cato, with his reputation for incorruptibility, is said to have resorted to bribery in his favor. Three candidates stood for the consulship in 59 BC: Caesar, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus who had been aedile with Caesar several years earlier, and Lucius Lucceius. Julius Caesar was awarded the Civic Crown for his service in Siege of Mytilene. While in Hispania, Caesar held the title of Imperator and lead military campaigns against local tribes. He was also elected to Pontifex maximus and was eventually made governor of Hispania Ulterior. This served as his entry into politics and in 69 BC, he was elected as quaestor in the province of Hispania. Īfter Sulla's death in 78 BC, Caesar returned to Rome where he was elected military tribune. He won early distinction by earning the Civic Crown for his actions at the Siege of Mytilene and later secured the assistance of King Nicomedes's fleet during a diplomatic mission to Bithynia. He first served under the command of Marcus Minucius Thermus in Asia and Servilius Isauricus in Cilicia. Soon after this, Caesar entered into service in the army in 81 BC in an attempt to leave Rome should Sulla change his mind. Sulla eventually ended his persecution of Caesar after his mothers family intervened on his behalf. He was stripped of his inheritance, his position of high priest and was forced to go into hiding after refusing to divorce Cornelia. After Sulla's ultimate victory, his enacted a brutal purge of the supporters of Marius, including Caesar. When Marius and his ally Lucius Cornelius Cinna were in control of Rome, Caesar was nominated as the new flamen Dialis (high priest of Jupiter), and he was married to Cinna's daughter Cornelia. In 85 BC, at the age of 16, Caesar became the head of his family after his father’s death, which coincided with the civil war between Sulla and supporters of Caesar's uncle Gaius Marius. His father, Gaius Julius Caesar, was the governor of the province of Asia, and his mother, Aurelia, came from an influential family who were supporters of Sulla. Gaius Julius Caesar was born into an influential patrician family, the gens Julia. These wars were critically important in the transition of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Once his campaigns were over, he served as Roman dictator until his assassination on 15 March 44 BC. ![]() He then finished off his Roman opponents in Africa and Hispania. He then went to Egypt, where he defeated the Egyptian pharaoh and put Cleopatra on the throne. This was followed by the civil war, during which time Caesar chased his rivals to Greece, decisively defeating them there. ![]() The Gallic War ended with complete Roman victory at the Battle of Alesia. In 55 and 54 BC, he invaded Britain, although he made little headway. The Gallic War mainly took place in what is now France. The military campaigns of Julius Caesar constituted both the Gallic Wars (58 BC–51 BC) and Caesar's civil war (49 BC–45 BC).
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